Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are used in the production of a medication. APIs are the key ingredient of an end product that is ready for administration with a direct effect concerning treatment.

A CDMO (Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization) is a company that offers both process development (contract development) and manufacturing services. Comprehensive services range from early-stage Research & Development services such as synthesis, scale up, formulation development, stability studies and method development all the way through to manufacturing services, ranging from preclinical R&D material for clinical trial purposes and commercial production (Phases I–IV).

Controlled substances are chemicals, whose production, ownership and use are strictly regulated by international conventions and national legislation. The aim is to make allowance for scientific or medical applications while at the same time to prevent misuse and illegal trade.